"The importance of reproduction is to ensures that a particular species does

not extinct''

SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Reproduction =
involves the production of new generation of                        
individuals of same species.
                       
Sexual reproduction
involve male and female organisms.

Asexual reproduction
involves only one parent.








Asexual reproduction
- Binary fission (unicellular organism divides into two equal parts
(daughter cells)
- Budding (the parent produces an outgrowth or bud which detaches
to become a new individual)
- Spore formation
- Vegetative reproduction
- Regeneration (Regrowth of lost or destroyed parts or organs)

 Binary fission 

Vegetative reproduction

          This type of asexual reproduction is seen in many

            flowering plants.

Part of a plant detaches and grow into a new plant.

Example:

i. Runner

ii. Bulb

iii. Rhizome

iv. Corm

v. Stem tuber

i. Runner

A slender, creeping stem that puts forth roots from  

nodes spaced at intervals along its length.

The runner bears roots and becomes independent

before the parent plant die.

Example : grass, strawberry

ii. Bulb

A short, modified, underground stem surrounded by

usually fleshy modified leaves that contain stored food

for the shoot within.

Example : Onion, lilies 

iii. Rhizome

A horizontal, usually underground stem that often

sends out roots and shoots from its nodes.

Example: ginger, Canna

iv. Corm

A short, thick, solid, food-storing underground stem,

sometimes bearing papery scale leaves.

Examples: cocoyam , water chestnut

iv. Stem tuber

The swollen ends of underground stems

New shoot sprout out from axillary buds or ‘eyes’.

Example: potato, beet

The male reproductive system

- Secondary sexual characteristics (male)
Growth of hair on face, chest, in pubic region and
armpits.

The voice becomes deeper.

Body becomes more muscular.

Chest becomes broader.

Certain mental and emotional changes.

 - Male gamete (sperm)
The role of the sperm is to swim towards
the ovumand fuses with it to form zygote.

Zygote will develop into an adult individual.












The female reproductive system

- Female gamete (ovum)
The ovum stores some food in its cytoplasm.
The food is used to nourish the embryo which develops
from the zygote.














- Secondary sexual characteristics (female)
Growth of hair in pubic region and armpits.
Commencement of menstruation.
Production of ova by the ovaries.
Pelvis becomes broader.
Fat deposits on hip and thighs.
Growth and development of breasts.
Certain mental and emotional changes.